Original Investigation

Cancer Incidence and Mortality With Aspirin in Older Adults

JAMA Oncology 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.6196

January 29, 2026 at 11:00 AM EST

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Is 4.7 years of treatment with low-dose aspirin associated with incident cancer and cancer-related mortality over the longer term in older adults?In this cohort study of 19 114 adults aged 70 years or older (≥65 years for Black and Latino individuals) free of cardiovascular disease, dementia, and independence-limiting physical disability, through extended follow-up (median 8.6 years) of participants in the ASPREE randomized clinical trial, no association between aspirin exposure and overall cancer incidence was observed. An elevated cancer-related mortality risk that had been seen in the clinical trial phase with aspirin was not observed after trial as a legacy effect of original aspirin randomization.Results of this study suggest that initiating a multiyear aspirin strategy for prevention of cancer is not recommended in older adults.

Corresponding Author: Suzanne G. Orchard, PhD, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne VIC, Australia (suzanne.orchard@monash.edu).

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