Original Investigation

Whole-Blood Gene Expression and Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy at Birth

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.29378

August 21, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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In this case-control study of infants with HIE, whole-blood gene expression at birth was associated with HIE severity, distinguishing infants with mild HIE from both controls and those with moderate or severe encephalopathy, supporting its role in risk stratification during the period when neuroprotective interventions remain possible and clinical diagnosis may still be challenging.

Corresponding Author: Paolo Montaldo, MD, PhD, Centre for Perinatal Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, Hammersmith House, Room 529, London W12 0HS, United Kingdom (p.montaldo@imperial.ac.uk).

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