Original Investigation

Personalized Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Behavioral and Neurophysiologic Outcomes

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.26148

August 25, 2025 at 11:00 AM EDT

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What is the association of personalizing transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) dosing with behavioral and neurophysiologic therapy precision?In this comparative effectiveness study in 16 participants, individualized tDCS was associated with significantly greater improvements than fixed-dose tDCS over sham in behavioral and neurophysiologic outcomes and with reduced interindividual variability. Several participants unresponsive to fixed-dose tDCS responded with personalized dosing, with no sex differences observed.These findings suggest that individualized tDCS may enhance efficacy, reduce sex-related variability, and improve responsiveness, supporting its potential for broader clinical use.

Corresponding Authors: Sagarika Bhattacharjee, MD, PhD, Department of Neurophysiology (bhattacharya.sagarika7@gmail.com), and Rajan Kashyap, PhD, Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology (rajankashyap6@gmail.com), National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Rd, Bengaluru 560029, Karnataka, India.

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