Research Letter

Gender-Related Care and Spending Among Youth in Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program

JAMA Pediatrics 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.6315

February 23, 2026 at 11:00 AM EST

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This cross-sectional study identifies the nationwide utilization rates and costs of gender-affirming hormone therapy, puberty blockers, and surgical procedures among transgender and gender-diverse youths in the US.

Corresponding Author: Jared Lane K. Maeda, PhD, MPH, Congressional Budget Office, US Congress, Ford House Office Building, Washington, DC 20515 (jared.maeda@cbo.gov).

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