Original Investigation

Wastewater-Based Surveillance of Human Papillomavirus Genotype Diversity

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.35063

September 21, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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In this cross-sectional study of wastewater collected from a large urban population, wastewater-based epidemiology enabled population-level monitoring of HPV genotype circulation and complemented clinical surveillance by capturing infections across sexes and age groups. These findings suggested that this approach may facilitate evaluation of the effectiveness of HPV vaccination programs and serve as a scalable tool for monitoring HPV genotype diversity within the population.

Corresponding Author: Vincent Maréchal, PhD, Sorbonne Universite, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Building Kourilsky, 27 Rue Chaligny, Paris 75012, France (vincent.marechal@upmc.fr).

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