Original Investigation

Sleep, Physical Activity, and Mood Among People Seeking Mental Health Care

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.1194

March 09, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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What is the association of sleep and physical activity with mood score in patients seeking mental health care?This cohort study of 1476 patients seeking mental health care revealed dynamic, reciprocal associations between mood, physical activity, and sleep, as documented through actigraphy and daily mood diaries. Patients varied substantially in their optimal sleep duration for mood, with both shorter and longer sleep than a person’s optimal duration being significantly associated with worse subsequent mood.These findings suggest that knowledge of individual sleep-mood and activity-mood patterns may help to develop more focused and personalized behavioral strategies to improve mental health and mood.

Corresponding Author: Srijan Sen, MD, PhD, Eisenberg Family Depression Center, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Rd, Rachel Upjohn Building, SPC 5763, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2700 (srijan@umich.edu).

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