Original Investigation

Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Programs in Health Care Institutions

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.55896

February 04, 2026 at 11:00 AM EST

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What outcomes are associated with equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) interventions in health care institutions?In this systematic review and meta-analysis of 43 studies involving more than 15 000 individuals, predominantly from the US, a wide range of EDI interventions were successful and perceived as beneficial in increasing diversity in health care. Furthermore, the meta-analysis of 2 studies demonstrated increased minority representation in competitive medical residencies following program implementation.A broad range of EDI initiatives were associated with increased workforce diversity in health care institutions.

Corresponding Author: Manish M. Sood, MD, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Ave, 2-014 Administrative Services Building, Box 693, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada (Msood@toh.on.ca).

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