Deep-Learning Serial CT Prediction of Survival in Immunotherapy-Treated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.55759January 28, 2026 at 11:00 AM EST
Can a fully automated deep-learning radiomic biomarker based on serial computed tomography (CT) imaging improve prediction of overall survival in advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors?In this prognostic study of 1830 patients with advanced NSCLC, serial CT response scores, using pretherapy and 12-week follow-up scans, had independent overall survival prognostic value in routine clinical practice and clinical trial multicenter validation datasets. Risk stratification compared favorably with conventional size-based tumor response assessments, including cohorts with stable disease per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors.These findings suggest that serial CT response scores could improve clinical decision-making and enhance clinical trial designs for patients with NSCLC.
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