Histologic Chorioamnionitis and Neurodevelopment in Preterm Infants

Is histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes of premature infants (gestational age ≤32 weeks), independent of preterm birth?In this cohort study of 304 infants, moderate to severe HCA was significantly associated with adverse motor, cognitive, and language scores on standardized testing at corrected age 22 to 26 months. Mediation analyses revealed a significant direct association of HCA or inflammation with lower neurodevelopmental scores, even after accounting for the mediated indirect outcome of premature birth.These findings suggest that moderate to severe HCA may be an independent risk factor for adverse neurodevelopment in preterm infants.

Corresponding Author: Nehal A. Parikh, DO, MS, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnett Ave, MLC 7009, Cincinnati, OH 45229 (nehal.parikh@cchmc.org).

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