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Stability After Legal Gender Change Among Adults With Gender Dysphoria

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.27780

September 04, 2025 at 11:00 AM EDT

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What is the probability that the changed legal gender among people with gender dysphoria (GD) will remain stable over time?In this national cohort study, 7293 people with GD had a 58% probability of obtaining a legal gender change over time and an almost 98% probability that the legal gender remained stable. No differences based on sex assigned at birth or age were observed.These findings suggest that among the most recent cohort of people who have sought treatment for GD and legally changed their gender, there is a low risk for legal gender reversal.

Corresponding Author: Kristen D. Clark, PhD, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, ingång 10, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden (Kristen.clark@uu.se).

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